What exactly is the difference between a surge protector and a fuse? Can a fuse protect the electronic devices from lightning instead of surge protector?

a photo is worth a thousand words.

This is a photo where a lightning bolt took out a home's complete mains distribution box, and a lot of electronic gear as well.

So combined with a device called a MOV or Metal-oxide-resistor, then forms the 3rd part of a “surge suppressor “.

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Barnstars:

(There is no concept of polarity, in the loop because the current changes direction 100 to 120 times a second (power frequency).

But it can get overloaded, and no longer works.

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But… the neutral is now “floating” because of the 1 ohm resistance.

But during the surge, the fuse will not blow if it is a longer duration and lower value )10 to 50%).

If the nominal power is 4,000 watts then the current at 230volts is 16 amps.

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Because the load is inductive, the current lags the voltage.(by a bit).

This is where the MOV conducts again, and dissipated the energy.

Edit 2024–10.

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The bolt then partially travels down the line to your home.

2024–09–27 [ Mohan Rajaratnam Mohan Rajaratnam ] . Thinks you can get free electricity from nothing : Mohan Rajaratnam's answer to Is it possible to generate free electricity at home using a magnet or other low-cost methods? If so, how does it work?

This is an electronic circuit designed to clamp voltages so that the Voltage Potential that appears at the outlet is never going to exceed the nominal value.

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P = e* I, so since I is 16 amps, then the voltage dropped is 1/16 volt or 0.0650 volts.

Here is a simplified AC power diagram.

what exactly is a ‘surge’ protector?

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When the current is 200% of the rated value , it will “go open” (the link metal melts) and protect the device.

What does a fuse do?

He then describes the function of a fuse.

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A fuse is a non-resetable over current circuit protector.

“ A fuse is a device which protects the (circuit) against overload and short circuit.”

In schematic diagrams this is the symbol for a fuse:

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This is 'the assistant's answer'

2024–10–16 [ OO OLAOYE OYEBODE ]

This is the picture of an electronic coil of wire wound around a core of magnetic material.

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At least they know the answer if they wanted it.

It also is a device that limits the change in current flow.

Fuses, on their own, then operate much slower than the MOV variable resistance, during the lightning strike.

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Now when you have a certain ac resistance, then a current flows in a loop.

but this device (an Inductor) … impedes the rapid changes in the current.

2024–10–00 [ Ammar Mahdi ] Ammar Mahdi

OK, this is Mohan Rajaratnam’s definition of a Surge suppressor.

So, it’s possible that these devices from Trip Lite have addition suppression devices, these ones seem to be sturdy.

At one ohm, the resistor has a maximum of 1 watt power.

but I think this circuit , shows a few more pieces.

This one hit behind the barn.

“ … to protect building, lightning arrestor, is provided above building and directly connected to earth.”

Mohan forgets that a fuse is a one-time device, and needs to be replaced if it is tripped.

An AC voltage/ current source, and an ac inductive load.

Lightning arrestor is a spark-gap device, and can be installed anywhere. What is important, is that the wire is thick enough to withstand the lightning bolt and conduct the energy away from the building.

Is the question then , "why buy a surge supressor, if the fuse alone protects the electronic circuits from a lightning bolt?".

I post the exact comment here.

2024–10–11 [Victor Olarewsju Victor Olarewaju ]

A circuit breaker is similar, but is resettable.

What is lightning?

Can the fuse protect the electronic devices from lightning instead of a surge protector.

The other is “what does a “fuse” do?”

And this is the problem alone. Is the power supply in the equipmemt designed with a lightning strike in mind? Some yes, others, no.

These devices are installed between the “hot” and “neutral” and protective ground.

Once the voltage goes over 0.0650 volts, then this fact can be used to amplify the difference, and turn the circuit breaker off , furthur down the line. Essentially that is what a RCD/GFCI does, it compares the incoming current, to the outgoing current, and if the difference between the two currents is over 5mA, then it trips the circuit breaker.

There is no harm in having the surge suppressor along with the fuse in the circuit. The fuse will not open up until the current melts the link. This will take time, and in the interim, that jolt will get transmitted into the power supplies.

Upvotes:

so, what happens?

the problem then depends on "how fast does the fuse operate?".

The MOV will conduct when the voltage exceeds 50% of line voltage.

This device then solves the entire problem.

It’s been three xxx five werks, and there has been no response to my follow on query on his Commment to my answer.

2024–10–14 [Omar Gharbi Omar Gharbi ]

He then asserts :

At the secondary, it is 1000 times less.)turns ratio). If it gets hit with a 100,000 volt bolt of lightning then the voltage arrestors conduct and clamp the voltage down to line voltage, ( but a small amount leaks down the line). This is the problem.

There are two important concepts here.

2024–10–10[John johnson John Johnson ]

2024–10–11 [Bobby Sanchez Bobby Sanchez ].

So, the voltage could go up to 500 volts, and the fuse will not open up.

There are three different concepts here that are getting confused.

[image of Common-mode choke]

One is “what exactly is in a ‘surge protector’ ? ”

The third is lightning and “how it gets conducted into a home.”

These are simplified answers to the original question, and does not change anything I wrote above.

He then describes Rainy Season and Lightning.

Would individual surge supressors have save this equipment? most likely, since the surge supressor would take the jolt instead of the electronic components.

First Sentence:

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(Dc diagram shown, AC is similar).

This is where this question deviates from being a 'generic' question, and becomes more specific.

This is a high voltage low current spike that comes down the line because of the power poles being struck, and the voltage suppressors activating on the primary side of the transformer.

“ A surge suppressor is the one which is connected at the input supply so that when there is a sudden change voltage it bypasses thereby protecting the (circuit) and electronic components”

For this case there are devices called Metal oxide varistors (MOV).

It seems Mohan does not understand the difference between a comment and an Answer.

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so, the loop of wire then, when put together with another loop reduces the ‘noise’ on a power line.

[old diagram got deleted by accident]